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Unit7 What’s the highest mountain in the world?

【重点单词：】

square [skwe?(r)] n. 平方，正方形，广场

meter [?mi:t?] n. 米

deep [di:p] adj. 深的

desert [?dez?t] n. 沙漠

population [?p?pju?lei??n] n. 人口(数量),全体居民

Asia [?e???] n. 亚洲

feel free (可以)随便(做某事)

tour [tu?] n. 旅行，观光

wall [w?:l] n. 墙

amazing [??me?z??] adj. 令人惊异的

ancient [?e?n??nt] adj. 古代的，古老的

protect [pr??tekt] v. 保护

wide [wa?d] adj. 宽的，广阔的

as far as I know 就我所知

achieve [??t?i:v] v. 完成，实现

achievement [??t?i:vm?nt] n. 成就，成绩

southwestern [sa?θ'west?n] adj. 西南的,西南方向的

thick [θ?k] adj. 厚的，浓的

include [?n?klu:d] v. 包括，包含

freezing [?fri:z??] adj. 极冷的，冷冻的

condition [k?n?d??n] n. 条件，状况

take in 吸入，吞入

succeed [s?k?si:d] v. 成功，实现目标，完成

challenge [?t??l?nd???] n. & v. 挑战，考验

in the face of 面对(问题，困难)

force [f?:s] n. 力，力量

nature ['ne?t??(r)] n. 自然界，大自然

even though(=even if) 即使，虽然

ocean ['???n] n. 海洋

the Pacific Ocean 太平洋

cm(centimeter) [?sent??mi:t?] n. 厘米

weigh [wei] v. 称…重量

birth [b?:θ] n. 出生，诞生

at birth 出生时

up to 到达(某数量，程度)，不多于

adult [ ??d?lt] n. 成年人

bamboo [b?m?bu:] n. 竹子

endangered [?n?de?nd??d] adj. 有危险的，濒临灭绝的，濒危的

research [r??s?:t?] n. & v. 研究，调查

keeper [?ki:p?(r)] n. 饲养员，保管人

awake [??we?k] adj. 醒着

excitement [?k?sa?tm?nt] n. 激动，兴奋

walk into 走路时撞到

fall over 绊倒

illness [??ln?s] n. 疾病，生病

remaining [r??me?n??] adj. 遗留的，剩余的

or so 大约

artwork [?ɑ:tw?:k] n. 艺术品，插图，图片

wild [wa?ld] adj. 野性的，野生的

government [?g?v?nm?nt] n. 政府

whale [we?l] n. 鲸

protection [pr??tek?n] n. 保护，保卫

huge [hju:d?] adj. 巨大的，极多的

dynasty [?d?n?st?] n. 朝代，王朝

base [be?s] n. 基础，基地

【重点词组】

1. the population of China 中国的人口

2. one of the oldest countries 最古老的国家之一

3. feel free to do sth. 随意地做某事

4. as far as I know 据我所知 as you can see,..正如你所看见的,…

5. man-made objects 人造物体

6. part of... ...... 的组成部分 Badaling is part of Ming Great Wall.

7. mountain climbing/ climbing mountains 登山运动

8， live up to 活到……

9.higher than any other mountain 比其他任何一座山高

10. of all the salt lakes 在所有的咸水湖中

11. run along 绵延，横亘… …

12. another 200 or so还有大约200左右

13,one of the world’s most dangerous sports 最危险的运动之一

14,one of the most popular places最受欢迎的地方之一

15,of all the mountains所有的山之中

16,freezing weather conditions冰冻的天气条件

17,risk their lives冒着他们的生命危险

18, challenge oneself挑战自我 challenge ourselves

19, in the face of difficulties 面临困难

20, take in air 呼吸空气

21. the first people to do sth. 第一个做某事的人 the first people to reach the top

22. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事

23. achieve one’ s dream 实现某人的梦想 = make one’s dream come true

24. the forces of nature 自然界的力量

25. reach the top 到达顶峰

26. even though 虽然;尽管

27. at birth 在出生的时候

28. be awake 醒着

29. run over with excitement 兴奋地跑过去

30. walk into sb. 撞到某人 die from……死于……

31. fall over 被…绊倒 fall over the chair 被椅子绊倒、

32. take care of 照顾;照料

33. every two years 每两年

34. cut down the forests 砍伐林木

35. endangered animals 濒危动物

36. fewer and fewer pandas 大熊猫越来越少

37. be in danger 处于危险之中

38. the importance of saving these animals 拯救这些动物的重要性

39,wild animals野生动物sea life海洋生物

40 ,rules on whale protection保护鲸的规定(on 关于)

41.water pollution水污染，

42only live for a short time because of illnesses由于疾病仅活很短的时间

43,make more homes for the pandas为大熊猫建造更多的家园

43. stand on two legs 两腿站立

44,catch whales for meat, fat and oil为肉,脂肪和油而捕鲸

45,stop putting rubbish into the sea停止往大海里丢垃圾

46,jump high out of the water高高地跃出水面

47， protect … from…保护…免于…的伤害 protect children from catching a cold. 保护孩子免于感冒

48，bamboo forests竹林

49， panda keeper熊猫饲养员

50，in the remaining forests在剩下的森林里

51， the highest mountain in the world (Qomolangma)世界上最高的山

52， the biggest desert in the world (the Sahara)世界上最大的沙漠

53， the longest river in the world (the Nile)世界上最长的河

54， the deepest of all the salt lakes (the Caspian Sea)所有咸水湖中最深的湖

【重点句型】

1. It is -\~adj. + (fo r sb. ) to do sth.

It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top. 当你接近山顶时，连呼吸都会困难。

2. . . . is because... One of the main reasons is because people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties.

其中的一个主要的原因是人们想要在面临困难时 挑战自己。

3 . . . . show(s) that... The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.

这些登山者的精神向我们证明：我们永远都不应 该放弃实现自己的梦想。

4, 表达事物的长，宽，高，深……? sth. /sb. +be+数量+单位+形容词long, wide, tall, deep。

如，The river is 2 meters deep. Qomolangma is 8,844.43 meters high.

long---length (n. 长度) wide---width (n.宽度) deep---depth(n.深度) high----height(n.高度)

the length/depth/ width/height/size of sth. …的长度，深度，宽度，高度，面积

5，问事物的高，深，宽，长…? How high/ deep/tall/ wide/ long/ is ... ?

问重量用 How heavy be+sth,/sb.?

How high is Qomolangma?

What is the height of Qomolangma?

珠穆朗玛峰有多高?

How heavy are you? What is the weight of you?

I am 50 kilos. My weight is 50 kilos.

【必备句型】

1. This makes it the longest wall in the world.这让它成了世界上最长的墙

2. The main reason was to protect their part of the country.主要原因是为了保卫他们部分的国土.

3. As far as I know, there are no man-make objects as big as this.就我所知,世界上没有和这个一样大的人造工程.

4. The Himalayas run along the southwestern part of China.喜马拉雅横卧在中国的东南部.

5. Of all the mountains, Qomolangma rises the highest.所有的山之中,珠穆郞玛耸立得最高.

6. Thick clouds cover the top and snow can fall very hard.厚厚的去覆盖着山顶, 雪也可能下得很猛.

7. It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top. (as = when)当你接近山顶的时候,呼吸也非常的困难.

8. No ocean in the world is as big as the Pacific Ocean.世界上没有海洋和太平洋一样大.

9. This elephant weighs many times more than this panda.这头大象的重量比这头熊猫重许多倍.

10. When the babies see the keepers, they run over with excitement and some of them even walk into their friends and fall over! 当宝宝们看到饲养员的时候, 他们就兴奋地跑过来,有些还因看不清而撞上他们的伙伴,并且摔倒了.

11. I take care of them like they’re my own babies.我照料他们就象他们是我自己的宝宝一样.

12. I wash, feed and play with them every day.我每天都洗他们,喂他们并且和他们一起玩.

13. Pandas do not have many babies, maybe only one every two years.熊猫不能生很多宝宝, 也许每两年才一只.

14，Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours a day eating about 10 kilos of bamboo.成年熊猫每天花超过12h吃10kg竹子.

14. The Chinese government is also planting more bamboo trees so there will be more forests for pandas to live in.中国政府也正在种植更多的竹子以便于熊猫有更多的竹林可以生活.

15. We all hope that in the future there will be a lot more pandas than now.我们都希望, 未来比现在有更多的熊猫.

【语法讲解】

1,freezing weather conditions, 极冷的天气状况。condition 条件.状况，可数名词;但，in good/bad condition. 不可数

2, Yu Gong put the earth and stone from the mountain into the see. stone, 石料，岩石不可数。石块，可数。Don’t throw stones。

3, risk their lives. 冒着生命危险。risk, n/v. 作名词，take risks/ a risk to do sth. 冒风险去做…at risk 在危险中。

risk sth. to do sth. 冒…风险去做… They risk their lives to climb mountains.

4, The main reason was to protect their part of country. 主要原因是去保护他们国家的部分领土。

不定式to protect…做be 的表语，表目的。

the first people to reach the top, 不定式做people 的后置定语。第一个到达山顶的人。

5，The first Chinese team did so in1960, while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei.

1) while, 此处是“而，然而，”轻微对比。不是“当…时候”, 用在句中，前面有逗号。

2) succeed. V. 成功 succeed in doing sth. He succeeded in finishing the work.

success n. “成功”不可数，Confidence is the key to success. 自信是成功的关键。

success n. “成功的人，物” He is a great success.他是一个很成功的人。

successful, adj. 成功的， successfully, 成功地

6，We should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. give up doing sth.

7, There are now fewer than 2,000 pandas living in the remaining forests. 现在不到2000 只熊猫生活在剩下的竹林里。

There be +…doing “有…正在做…” There are some students playing soccer on the playgroud.

8, Adult pandas spend more than12 hours a day eating 10 kilos of bamboo.

Bamboo 做“竹子做的食物”或“竹子制品”不可数，bamboo chair;但做植物讲时可数。

1) sb. spend + time/ money + on sth. / in doing sth.

2) sb. pay +money +for sth. 某人为某物支付多少钱

3) It takes sb + time+ to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做

4) sth + cost +money 某物值多少钱。 The book costs ten dollars.

9. prepare 用法， v, 准备n. preparation make preparation(s) for 为…做准备

prepare是一动词,意为"准备"。其用法相当灵活,现归纳如下:

1). prepare sth. "准备…",宾语是所准备的内容，直接接准备对象。

如:Mother was preparing dinner in the kitchen. 妈妈在厨房准备饭菜。

2). prepare to do sth. 准备做某事,如: He is preparing to go on a trip. 他正准备去旅行。

After taking out a piece of paper, he prepared to write to his parents. 他拿出纸,准备给父母写信。

3). prepare for sth.是"为……做准备", for是准备的目的。如: prepare for a test

Hope for the best and prepare for the worst.抱最好的希望,做最坏的准备。

4). prepare sth. for sth/sb... 为……准备某物,如: Please prepare the table for the dinner. 请摆好桌子吃饭。

You must prepare a room for the guest. 你必须为客人准备一个房间。

5). prepare sb. for sth.使某人对……进行准备,如:

We have to prepare the students for that work step by step. 我们要为学生进行这项工作一步步做好准备。

10, Why do some of them have to be protected? 为什么他们中的一些要被保护?

protect v, protect …from… 保护…免受…危险。Protect the pandas from dying from illness.

11, Canada is a lot less crowded than China. 加拿大不及中国拥挤很多。

less+adj+than 不及比较： Joseph is less honest than his brother. 约瑟夫不像他兄弟那样诚实。

less than (中间不加任何词)“少于” There are less than 30 girls in my class. 我们班不足30个女生。

more than (中间不加任何词)“超过，多于，相当于over” There are more than 30 girls in my class. 我们班有超过30个女生。

形容词副词比较级和最高级。

(一) 形容词比较级的用法

1.形容词的比较级可以单独使用： Be more careful next time. 下次小心点。 Which book is better? 哪本书更好?

2.也可以和than连用，表示两者相比，than后可以跟：

a. 名词或代词： He is older than me / I . 他年龄比我大。

b. 动名词：Skiing is more exciting than skating. 滑雪比滑冰更刺激。

c. 从句： I was a better singer than he was. 我唱歌比他好。

(三) 形容词比较级的修饰语

修饰形容词,副词比较级的常用修饰词有:no, a little, a bit, much, even, still, a lot, any等.

只用于修饰比较级的： much; still; even

在否定句,疑问句或条件状语从句中,修饰形容词,副词的比较级,只能用any来修饰.

He can't jump any higher. 他不能跳得更高了. Can he jump any higher? 他能跳得更高一些吗?

Do you feel any better today? 你今天感觉好一点了吗?

If you can jump any higher, I will give you a prize.如果你能跳得更高些,我就奖励你.

注意：比较级前还可加其他表示数量的词：

My sister is ten years younger than me. 我妹妹比我小十岁。

句型1：as+形容词原形+as This jacket is as beautiful as that one.

句型2. not as+形容词原形+as 或 not so+形容词原形+as “前者不及/不如 后者

This school is not as beautiful as that one.

表达前者不如后者还可以用： less +原级+than This school is less beautiful than that one。

句型3 ：1)表示“是......的几倍时” ......倍数+as 原级as.......

This garden is ten times as large as that one。这个花园是那个的九倍大。

倍数的表达：once ; twice ; three times; four times.......

2)表示“比...多几倍” 倍数 + 比较级+than ....

His garden is 9 times larger than that one.他的花园比那个大九倍。

句型4 ：比较级+than any other+单数名词 “比其他的任何一个...”He is taller than any other boy in his class.

比较级+than (all)the other+复数名词 “比其他的...” He is taller than the other boys in his class.

句型5 ： the +比较级+of the two…(the twins.) “两个中较....” Amy is the shorter of the two girls.

句型6 ：(单音节)比较级 + and + 比较级” (多音节)“more and more +原级”， 越来越……

better and better fatter and fatter more and more beautiful

句型7 ： the 比较级+句子， the 比较级+句子 越……， 越……。The harder you study, the better grades you will get.

(三)最高级的使用 (三者或三者以上) 形容词的最高级要加定冠词the , 副词最高级可省略the,

句型1：the+最高级+ of /in

a. in 表示“在…内(指某范围内)” 可以跟表示单位,组织,时间等单数名词.

My mother is the busiest in my family

b. of表示属性(指在同类的人,物中)后可接 Jim works hardest of us all. Of the mountains , this is the highest.

句型2 ： One of+the+最高级+名词复数 “最……的……之一”

One of the most important languages is English. 最重要的语言之一是英语。

句型3 the+序数词+最高级+单数名词+in短语 “在……中是第几个……”

The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.

1. 比较级中为了避免重复，常用one/that/those替代名词。 往往指与前面同类而不是同一个的事物。

This pen is shorter than that one. The weather here is much hotter than that of Shanghai.

The cars made in Tianjin is much more popular than those in Shanghai.

一、形容词的比较等级和最高等级：

(一)形容词的比较级和最高级的构成

规则变化：

1.单音节词和少数双音节词的比较级和最高级的构成

(1)单音节词加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级。

tall(高的) taller tallest

great(巨大的)　greater greatest

(2)以不发音的e结尾的单音节词只加-r,-st　

nice(好的) nicer nicest

large(大的) larger largest

able（有能力的) abler ablest

(3)以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er，-est

big(大的) bigger biggest

hot热的) hotter hottest

red红色的 redder reddest

(4)"以辅音字母+y"结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再加-er，-est

easy(容易的) easier easiest

busy(忙的) busier busiest

(5)以ly结尾的副词，除early-earlier-earliest，其他都是加more most.

Slowly-more slowly-most slowly

Bravely-more bravely-most bravely

quickly-more quickly-most quickly

(6)少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节词未尾加-er，-est

clever(聪明的)　cleverer cleverest

narrow(窄的)　narrower narrowest

(7)其他双音节词和多音节词在前面加more，most来构成比较级和最高级。如：

important(重要的) more important most important

easily(容易地) more easily most easily

useful more useful most useful

difficult more difficult most difficult

delicious more delicious most delicious

(8)一些词的比较级和最高级，可以加-er或 -est，也可以加more或most，如：clever, polite等。

有几个形容词的比较级和最高级属于不规则变化：

原级→比较级→最高级

good/well→better→best

bad/iⅠⅠ→worse→worst

many →much → more most

little → less → least

old →older（新旧或年龄）eⅠder（兄弟姐妹长幼关系）→oldest eⅠdest

far→farther（表示距离，意为更远）further（表示程度，进一步的）→farthest furthest

总结为“两好，两坏，两多，一少，一老，一远” 不规则。

注意：few--fewer--fewest healthy--healthier----healthiest friendly---friendlier---friendliest

crowded---more crowded---most crowded

写作话题

作为一个中国人，你对我们的中国了解多少呢?请给你在美国的笔友Dave写封信，向他介绍你的祖国。80词左右，恰当运用比较级和最高级，可适当发挥。

1.中国是亚洲最大的国家。和美国差不多大。

2.中国有世界上最多的人口。人们友好勤劳。

3.长江是世界最长的河流之一。

4.中国有超过5000的悠久历史。比美国的历史长多了。

5.中国有世界最高山峰。 推荐词汇：as?as, population，the Yangtze River ,the third longest ,much longer, Qomolangma

范文欣赏：

Dear Dave,

I’m happy to be your penpal. I’d like to tell you something about China.

China is the biggest country in Asia. It’s almost as big as the USA. China has the biggest population in the world. The people here are friendly and hard-working. The Yangtze River is one of the longest rivers in the world.。China is over 5000 years old. It has a much longer history than the US. Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world. I love China very much. Welcome to China and play with me.

Yours

Li Lei